This standard is intended to be used by personnel who develop, revise, implement, or provide oversight of radiation safety training for the individuals described below. It does not apply to radiation safety specialists, professionals, or technicians who are covered by other existing regulations or standards.



Workers



Radiological Worker (>100 mrem/y) - This standard shall apply to radiological workers who receive in one year an occupational effective dose equivalent in excess of 100 mrem (1 mSv). Additionally, this standard shall apply to workers whose dose would likely exceed the values specified above if they have not had the proper training ("likely to receive" is considered to include normal and abnormal situations, it does not include accidents or emergencies).



Radiological Worker (<100 mrem/y) - This standard should apply to radiological workers who in one year are not likely to receive an occupational effective dose equivalent in excess of 100 mrem (1 mSv). (NOTE: The Training Program for these workers may be less formal.)



Non-Radiological Worker - This standard may apply to clerks, secretaries, janitors, nurses, and other workers who do not routinely work with or in the proximity of radiationgenerating devices or radioactive materials, but whose duties occasionally may require them to enter areas where an occupational dose is possible. These workers, as a minimum, should receive radiation safety training that familiarizes them with radiation sources, radiation warning signs and alarms, risks in perspective to potential dose, and the appropriate methods for minimizing radiation dose.



Management and Supervisory Personnel - In some cases, managers, staff members, technical support personnel, and supervisors are classified as radiological workers and should complete, as a minimum, radiation safety training. Supervisors should receive, as a minimum, the same level of training as the workers they supervise in order to assess their performance.



Short-Term Workers Persons such as contractors, laborers, maintenance workers, craftsmen, technicians, security personnel, etc. who work in facilities for only a short time (e.g., less than one month), may perform tasks involving significant radiological risks. These workers shall receive training commensurate with the risks identified for the job similar to the training provided to regular workers. (NOTE: A review of a contract worker's prior training records may be helpful in determining training needs. On the other hand, continuous and direct supervision of these workers by a qualified escort should permit a reduction in training requirements.)



Students - Students engaged in activities where an occupational dose is possible shall be provided the same training as regular, full-time employees working under similar conditions.



Emergency Personnel - Fire, police, security, and medical personnel may be regular employees, contractor personnel, or visitors from a nearby location. These individuals shall receive sufficient radiation safety training to permit informed judgments in emergency situations. Training for emergency response personnel should be developed based on an analysis of the tasks involved, as described in Section 7.2.2 (Analysis Phase).



Visitors - This standard shall apply to visitors whose cumulative effective dose equivalent during a visit, or from anticipated and subsequent visits in the current year, may be greater than 100 mrem (1 mSv). This standard may apply to visitors whose dose is expected to be less than the value stated above but who could potentially receive a measurable dose from ionizing radiation. These individuals (as a minimum) should receive radiation safety training that familiarizes them with radiation sources, radiation warning signs and alarms, risks in perspective to potential dose, and appropriate methods of minimizing radiation dose.



Casual Visitors - Visitors who are not expected to receive any significant dose from ionizing radiation during the visit do not need the training covered in Section 1.2.6. However, they should be under the supervision of a qualified escort at all times while in areas controlled for radiological safety purposes. Additionally, visitors should be instructed about their responsibilities while under escort.



Purpose



This standard specifies a process and criteria for developing and implementing radiation safety training. It does not address training for nonradiological hazards. For the purpose of this document, the term "radiation" refers to ionizing radiation.